And/Or No More: A Stylistic Consideration
Sometimes there are minor issues that crop up in
papers that, while they don’t ruin a student’s academic writing, are still worth
remarking upon in a blog post like this. Today I will talk about a small issue I see as I work
with Walden University students in Paper Review Appointments: the use
of the forward slash between conjunctions “and” and “or,” like this: “and/or.”
This term is meant only to pop up in sentences
rarely, in situations where either options in a sentence or both options are
simultaneously possible. That means, in order to use it in a sentence, both the
“and” and “or” must make sense by themselves in a sentence.
This is where students get tripped up.
Here is a sentence where it does not work:
“This paper will explore the effect of teacher
evaluations on student grades and/or test scores.”
Why does this not work? In order to use “and/or,”
you would want to make sure that “and” by itself and “or” by itself both work
in the sentence. First, the conjunction “and” works because you are talking
about two separate factors, and you plan to focus on both of them in the paper.
The word “or” does not work so well—you are not working on one or the other,
right? You are looking at both. Therefore, “and/or” does not work here and should be revised for better clarity.
Even in those situations where “and/or” does work
grammatically, instructors and editors here at the Writing Center strongly encourage you to express
yourself another way, without that term. And we are not the only ones. Many of our favorite resources for academic writing style advise writers to avoid a forward slash between words. The APA Sixth edition
manual tells readers “not to use a slash when a phrase would be
clearer.” And blogger Grammar Girl reaffirms,
“you’d be hard-pressed to find a style guide that doesn’t admonish you to drop and/or and rewrite the sentence with
just and or just or.” It may sound smart in your writing sometimes, but chances are,
editors and proofreaders don’t like it so much.
Nathan Sacks is a writing instructor in the the Walden University Writing Center. He also enjoys writing books, playing guitar, and playing with cats.
Never miss a new post; Opt-out at any time
Subscribe to:
Post Comments
(
Atom
)
No comments :
Post a Comment